Back to Companion Planting Guide

Pepper Companion Planting

Capsicum annuum

Nightshade (Solanaceae) -- warm season

5 beneficial companions
1 antagonistic relationship

Good Companions for Pepper

BasilOcimum basilicum
BeneficialPest SuppressionSupported

Basil volatile emissions reduce populations of thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) and aphids on adjacent pepper plants. The mechanism is olfactory disruption of host-finding behavior.

Interplant basil freely among pepper plants. Similar spacing benefit as tomato-basil pairing.

Sources
  • Effect of intercropping on thrips populations in pepper -- Journal of Applied Entomology (2014)
  • Managing Thrips in Pepper and Tomato -- NC State Extension (2020)
OreganoOriganum vulgare
BeneficialPest SuppressionSupported

Oregano volatiles (carvacrol, thymol) deter aphids and spider mites. Flowering oregano attracts parasitoid wasps and predatory hover flies that control pepper pests.

Allow oregano to flower near pepper beds. Both prefer warm, well-drained conditions.

Sources
  • Essential oils from oregano as insect repellents -- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (2010)
  • Aromatic Plants as a Tool in Pest Management -- University of Florida IFAS Extension (2018)
CosmosCosmos bipinnatus
BeneficialPest SuppressionSupported

Cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus) flowers attract green lacewings (Chrysoperla spp.), minute pirate bugs (Orius spp.), and parasitoid wasps that control pepper aphids, thrips, and caterpillars.

Plant cosmos borders around warm-season vegetable beds. Easy to grow from seed and blooms profusely.

Sources
  • Flower strips as ecological compensation areas for pest management -- Biological Control (2008)
  • Habitat management for natural enemies of pests -- Annual Review of Entomology (2000)
OkraAbelmoschus esculentus
BeneficialPhysical SupportSupported

Okra's tall stature (1-2 meters) provides windbreak protection for shorter pepper plants. Both are heat-loving crops with similar soil and water requirements.

Plant okra on the windward side of pepper rows. Both thrive in hot conditions.

Sources
  • Intercropping systems with okra in warm-season vegetable production -- HortTechnology (2010)
French TarragonArtemisia dracunculus var. sativa
BeneficialPest SuppressionSupported

French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) volatile compounds deter aphids and general garden pests through olfactory disruption. Low-growing habit provides ground cover between pepper plants.

French tarragon is perennial and prefers well-drained soil. Site for long-term use.

Sources
  • Essential oils from Artemisia species as insect repellents -- Journal of Applied Entomology (2011)

Crops to Avoid Near Pepper

Florence FennelFoeniculum vulgare var. azoricum
AntagonisticAllelopathySupported

Fennel allelopathic compounds (primarily trans-anethole and fenchone) suppress germination and reduce fruit set in Capsicum species. Root zone overlap amplifies the effect.

Keep fennel at least 4 feet from pepper plants. Part of the broad fennel allelopathy pattern.

Sources
  • Allelopathic potential of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) -- Allelopathy Journal (2007)